Rational Treatment

According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 1987), the use of drugs said to be rational if it meets the criteria:
• According to indications of disease
• Available at all times at affordable prices
• Given the correct dosage
• Route of administration by giving the appropriate time interval
• Duration of the right
• Given drug should be effective, with guaranteed quality and safety.

Thus the use of drugs said to be rational if it satisfies several requirements as follows:

• Accuracy of diagnosis
• Accuracy of the drug indication
• The accuracy of the selection of drugs: therapeutic class, drug type, usefulness, safety, risk SE, price and quality.

The term rational in the treatment if the treatment is done correctly, ie correct diagnosis, appropriate indications, right drug, right dose, method and duration of administration, proper assessment of the condition of the patient, proper information and appropriate follow-up.
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Symptoms The Irrational Drug Use
• Prescribing excess (over-prescribing)
- Cough common cold were given antibiotics
- Provision of vitamins in children with an ideal weight
• Prescribing less (under prescribing)
- Giving antibiotics for 3 days
- Patients with diarrhea were not given ORS
• Prescribing compound (muliple prescribing)
- Children were given CTM fever cough runny nose, Ephedrine,Glycerin Guaiacolat ( GG ), sedatives
• Prescribing the wrong (incorrect prescribing)
- Children 4 years with cholera given Tetracycline
- Injection vitamin B12 for people with stiff

The Impact of Irrational Drug Use

• Quality treatment and care
• The cost of treatment services
• Possible side effects and other effects are not expected (resistance, the risk of disease transmission, injecting drug penggunakaan not lege artis, and the danger of allergic / anaphylactic shock)
• Psychosocial conditions.

Factors influencing the occurrence of Irrational Drug Use
Recipes Maker :

• The lack of SOPs
• Experience everyday practice
• Information from pharmaceutical companies
• Pressure from patients dal; am the form of a request to prescribe certain drugs based on the patient's own choice
• Recipes maker are less sure of the diagnosis is established. .
• Lack of time for doctors / nurses / midwives to carry out careful examination because of the many patients waiting to be examined.

Patient / community

• Some patients feel belim recovered from his illness when not injected
• Some parents ask their children with diarrhea patients were injected, or given antibiotics or antidiarrheal.

System planning and management of drug

• Limited funding
• Limited number of medications available
• Planning and procurement of drugs does not fit the needs of drugs in health centers
• Wisdom of the drug and health services
• Delegation of authority to conduct the practice of medicine is not based on knowledge of the drug.
• Health services delivering drugs to patients without a prescription

Other

• • The unceasing drug information in the form of advertising
• • Competition practice

More generally irrational use of drugs that will give the general characteristics as follows:

• Where the drug is actually an indication of its use in medical non-existent or vague.
• Selection of the wrong drug for specific disease indications
• Way of drug administration, dose, frequency and duration of administration are not appropriate.
• Use of medications with potential toxicity or side effects is greater when other drugs similar usefulness (efficacy) with the potential effect is smaller as well.
• The use of expensive drugs when cheaper alternatives with the same benefits and security available.
• Does not provide treatment that is already known and accepted usefulness and safety.
• Providing treatment with drugs that expediency and safety is still questionable.
• Use of drugs that primarily based solely on individual experience without reference to sources of scientific information is feasible, or only based on information sources that can not be ascertained truth.
• Use of drugs that do not consider the patient's condition, such as whether there are contraindications, whether dose adjustment should be made in connection with the patient's condition.